Caselet Questions for Competitive Exams

Caselet Questions for Competitive Exams

Data Interpretation Caselets (Paragraph-Based Questions)

What are Caselets?

Caselets are short paragraphs that contain numerical data or business scenarios. Students are expected to analyze, interpret, and answer questions based on the data in the paragraph. These are widely used in exams because they test reasoning, comprehension, and calculation skills together.

Caselet 1: Sales Performance of a Company

Paragraph:
A company produces three types of gadgets: A, B, and C. In January, the company sold 120 units of A, 80 units of B, and 100 units of C. In February, the sales of A increased by 25%, sales of B decreased by 10%, and sales of C remained the same. The price per unit of A is ₹200, B is ₹150, and C is ₹100.

Questions:

  1. What was the total sales revenue in January?
  2. What is the percentage increase in sales of gadget A from January to February?
  3. What is the total sales revenue in February?

Answers:

  1. January Total Revenue = (120 × 200) + (80 × 150) + (100 × 100)
    = 24,000 + 12,000 + 10,000 = ₹46,000 ✅
  2. Increase in A sales: 120 → 120 × 1.25 = 150 units
    Percentage Increase = ((150 − 120) / 120) × 100 = 25% ✅
  3. February Total Revenue:
  • A: 150 × 200 = 30,000
  • B: 80 × 0.9 = 72 units × 150 = 10,800
  • C: 100 × 100 = 10,000
    Total = 30,000 + 10,800 + 10,000 = ₹50,800 ✅

Caselet 2: Students’ Exam Performance

Paragraph:
In a school, there are 200 students. 120 students passed in Mathematics, 150 passed in Science, and 100 passed in both Mathematics and Science.

Questions:

  1. How many students passed only in Mathematics?
  2. How many students failed in both subjects?
  3. How many students passed in at least one subject?

Answers:

  1. Only Mathematics = 120 − 100 = 20 students ✅
  2. Total failed both = Total − Passed at least one
    Passed at least one = 120 + 150 − 100 = 170
    Failed both = 200 − 170 = 30 students ✅
  3. Passed at least one = 170 students ✅

Caselet 3: Production and Profit Analysis

Paragraph:
A factory produces three products: X, Y, and Z. In March, production was 500 units of X, 600 units of Y, and 400 units of Z. Profit per unit is ₹20 for X, ₹30 for Y, and ₹25 for Z.

Questions:

  1. Which product generated the highest profit?
  2. Total profit earned by the factory in March?
  3. What is the average profit per unit across all products?

Answers:

  1. Profit per product:
  • X: 500 × 20 = 10,000
  • Y: 600 × 30 = 18,000 ✅ Highest
  • Z: 400 × 25 = 10,000
  1. Total Profit = 10,000 + 18,000 + 10,000 = ₹38,000 ✅
  2. Total Units = 500 + 600 + 400 = 1,500
    Average profit per unit = 38,000 ÷ 1,500 ≈ ₹25.33/unit ✅

Caselet Questions – Data Interpretation

Caselet 1: Company Sales

A company sells products A, B, and C. In January, it sold 120 units of A, 80 units of B, and 100 units of C. Price per unit: A = ₹200, B = ₹150, C = ₹100.

Questions:

  1. Total sales revenue in January?
  2. If sales of A increase by 25% in February, what is the new number of units sold?
  3. Total revenue in February if B sales decrease by 10% and C remains the same?

Caselet 2: Exam Results

In a class of 200 students, 120 passed Mathematics, 150 passed Science, 100 passed both subjects.

Questions:
4. Students passed only Mathematics?
5. Students passed only Science?
6. Students failed both subjects?

Caselet 3: Factory Production

A factory produced 500 X, 600 Y, and 400 Z units. Profit per unit: X = ₹20, Y = ₹30, Z = ₹25.

Questions:
7. Which product generated the highest profit?
8. Total profit earned?
9. Average profit per unit?

Caselet 4: Monthly Expenses

Ravi spends on Rent ₹10,000, Food ₹5,000, Travel ₹2,000, and Misc ₹3,000 per month.

Questions:
10. Total monthly expenditure?
11. Percentage spent on Food?
12. If Travel doubles next month, new total expenditure?

Caselet 5: Company Workforce

A company has 400 employees: 60% male, 40% female. 25% of males work in sales, 50% females in admin.

Questions:
13. Number of male employees?
14. Female employees in admin?
15. Male employees not in sales?

Caselet 6: Bank Deposits

A bank has three types of deposits: A = ₹10 lakh, B = ₹15 lakh, C = ₹5 lakh. Interest rates: A = 5%, B = 6%, C = 7%.

Questions:
16. Total interest earned in one year?
17. Which deposit earns the highest interest?
18. Average interest rate?

Caselet 7: Distance & Speed

A car travels 120 km at 40 km/h, 180 km at 60 km/h.

Questions:
19. Time taken for first part of journey?
20. Time for second part?
21. Average speed for the whole journey?

Caselet 8: Shop Sales Over a Week

A shop sold the following units in a week: Monday = 50, Tuesday = 40, Wednesday = 60, Thursday = 30, Friday = 70, Saturday = 50, Sunday = 40.

Questions:
22. Total units sold in the week?
23. Average units sold per day?
24. Day with maximum sales?

Caselet 9: Population Growth

A town has a population of 50,000 in 2020. It grew by 10% in 2021 and 5% in 2022.

Questions:
25. Population at the end of 2021?
26. Population at the end of 2022?
27. Total growth over two years?

Caselet 10: Product Returns

A store sold 200 laptops: 120 were Model X, 50 Model Y, 30 Model Z. Returns: X = 5%, Y = 10%, Z = 0%.

Questions:
28. Laptops returned for Model X?
29. Total laptops returned?
30. Percentage of total sales returned?

Caselet 11: Market Share

Companies A, B, C, D have market shares of 25%, 30%, 20%, 25%. Total market = ₹1 crore.

Questions:
31. Revenue of Company B?
32. Total revenue of A and D together?
33. Which company earns the least revenue?

Caselet 12: Production & Defects

A factory produces 1000 units, 5% defective. Next month production = 1200, defects = 4%.

Questions:
34. Defective units in first month?
35. Defective units in second month?
36. Total good units over two months?

Caselet 13: Monthly Salaries

A company pays salaries: Manager ₹50,000, Developer ₹40,000, Clerk ₹25,000. Number: 5 managers, 20 developers, 10 clerks.

Questions:
37. Total salary expense?
38. Average salary per employee?
39. Total salary of developers?

Caselet 14: Water Consumption

A family consumes: Mon = 500 L, Tue = 450 L, Wed = 550 L, Thu = 400 L, Fri = 600 L, Sat = 650 L, Sun = 500 L.

Questions:
40. Total weekly consumption?
41. Average daily consumption?
42. Day with least consumption?

Caselet 15: Train Passengers

Train carries: First class 120 passengers, Second class 200, Third class 300. 10% of first class cancel tickets, 5% second class, 0% third class.

Questions:
43. First class passengers travelled?
44. Total passengers travelled?
45. Total tickets cancelled?.

Answer

Caselet 1: Company Sales

  1. January Total Revenue = (120 × 200) + (80 × 150) + (100 × 100)
    = 24,000 + 12,000 + 10,000 = ₹46,000 ✅
  2. Units of A in February = 120 × 1.25 = 150 units ✅
  3. February Revenue:
  • A = 150 × 200 = 30,000
  • B = 80 × 0.9 × 150 = 72 × 150 = 10,800
  • C = 100 × 100 = 10,000
    Total = ₹50,800 ✅

Caselet 2: Exam Results

  1. Only Mathematics = 120 − 100 = 20 students ✅
  2. Only Science = 150 − 100 = 50 students ✅
  3. Failed both subjects = 200 − (120 + 150 − 100) = 200 − 170 = 30 students ✅

Caselet 3: Factory Production

  1. Profit per product:
  • X = 500 × 20 = 10,000
  • Y = 600 × 30 = 18,000 ✅ Highest
  • Z = 400 × 25 = 10,000
  1. Total Profit = 10,000 + 18,000 + 10,000 = ₹38,000 ✅
  2. Average profit/unit = 38,000 ÷ (500 + 600 + 400 = 1,500) ≈ ₹25.33/unit ✅

Caselet 4: Monthly Expenses

  1. Total Expenditure = 10,000 + 5,000 + 2,000 + 3,000 = ₹20,000 ✅
  2. Percentage on Food = (5,000 ÷ 20,000) × 100 = 25% ✅
  3. Travel doubles: New Travel = 2 × 2,000 = 4,000
    New Total = 10,000 + 5,000 + 4,000 + 3,000 = ₹22,000 ✅

Caselet 5: Company Workforce

  1. Male employees = 60% of 400 = 0.6 × 400 = 240 ✅
  2. Female employees in admin = 50% of 160 = 0.5 × 160 = 80 ✅
  3. Male not in sales = 240 − 25% of 240 = 240 − 60 = 180 ✅

Caselet 6: Bank Deposits

  1. Total Interest:
  • A = 10 lakh × 5% = 50,000
  • B = 15 lakh × 6% = 90,000
  • C = 5 lakh × 7% = 35,000
    Total = ₹1,75,000 ✅
  1. Highest Interest = B → ₹90,000 ✅
  2. Average Interest Rate = Total Interest ÷ Total Deposit × 100
    = 1,75,000 ÷ (10+15+5) lakh × 100 = 1,75,000 ÷ 30,00,000 × 100 ≈ 5.83% ✅

Caselet 7: Distance & Speed

  1. Time first part = 120 ÷ 40 = 3 hours ✅
  2. Time second part = 180 ÷ 60 = 3 hours ✅
  3. Average Speed = Total Distance ÷ Total Time = (120+180)/(3+3) = 300 ÷ 6 = 50 km/h ✅

Caselet 8: Shop Sales Over a Week

  1. Total units = 50+40+60+30+70+50+40 = 340 ✅
  2. Average per day = 340 ÷ 7 ≈ 48.57 units/day ✅
  3. Maximum sales = 70 units on Friday ✅

Caselet 9: Population Growth

  1. Population end 2021 = 50,000 × 1.10 = 55,000 ✅
  2. Population end 2022 = 55,000 × 1.05 = 57,750 ✅
  3. Total growth = 57,750 − 50,000 = 7,750 ✅

Caselet 10: Product Returns

  1. X returns = 120 × 5% = 6 ✅
  2. Total returns:
  • X = 6
  • Y = 50 × 10% = 5
  • Z = 30 × 0% = 0
    Total = 11 laptops ✅
  1. Percentage returned = 11 ÷ 200 × 100 = 5.5% ✅

Caselet 11: Market Share

  1. Revenue of B = 30% of 1 crore = 0.3 × 1,00,00,000 = ₹30 lakh ✅
  2. Revenue of A+D = (25%+25%) × 1 crore = 0.5 × 1 crore = ₹50 lakh ✅
  3. Least Revenue = Company C → 20% = ₹20 lakh ✅

Caselet 12: Production & Defects

  1. Defective units 1st month = 1000 × 5% = 50 ✅
  2. Defective units 2nd month = 1200 × 4% = 48 ✅
  3. Total good units = (1000−50) + (1200−48) = 950 + 1152 = 2,102 units ✅

Caselet 13: Monthly Salaries

  1. Total Salary:
  • Managers = 5 × 50,000 = 2,50,000
  • Developers = 20 × 40,000 = 8,00,000
  • Clerks = 10 × 25,000 = 2,50,000
    Total = ₹13,00,000 ✅
  1. Average per employee = 13,00,000 ÷ 35 ≈ ₹37,143 ✅
  2. Salary of Developers = 20 × 40,000 = ₹8,00,000 ✅

Caselet 14: Water Consumption

  1. Total weekly consumption = 500+450+550+400+600+650+500 = 3,650 L ✅
  2. Average daily = 3,650 ÷ 7 ≈ 521.43 L/day ✅
  3. Least consumption = Thursday = 400 L ✅

Caselet 15: Train Passengers

Total tickets cancelled = 12 + 10 + 0 = 22 ✅

First class travelled = 120 − 10% of 120 = 120 − 12 = 108 ✅

Total passengers travelled = 108 + (200 − 5% of 200 = 190) + 300 = 108 + 190 + 300 = 598 ✅