2025 – Important Current Affairs
🇮🇳 National Events / India
| Event | Category | Key Details |
|---|---|---|
| Prayagraj Maha Kumbh Mela 2025 | Cultural/Religious | Held from 13 January – 26 February 2025 at the Sangam in Uttar Pradesh; approx. 660 million people participated. |
| India-UK Free Trade Agreement (FTA) | Economy | Finalized to boost trade, services, and investment between India and the UK. |
| India Civil Defence Mock Drill — ‘Operation Abhyaas’ | Security/Disaster | Conducted on 7 May 2025 in 244 districts nationwide to test civil defence preparedness. |
| Pahalgam Attack & Border Tensions | Security/Politics | Terrorist attack on 22 April 2025 in Jammu & Kashmir, killing 26 civilians; borders closed and ceasefire announced on 10 May 2025. |
| 6G Policy and NFAP 2025 Implementation | Science & Technology | India prepared legal and spectrum framework for 6G services. |
| India Becomes the 4th Largest Economy | Economy | India overtook Japan to become the world’s fourth-largest economy in 2025. |
| 8th Central Pay Commission (8th CPC) | Policy/Labour | Implemented from 1 January 2026, revising salaries and allowances for central government employees. |
🌍 International Events / World
| Event | Category | Key Details |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 G20 Johannesburg Summit | Global Politics | Held on 22–23 November 2025 in South Africa; first-ever G20 summit in Africa. |
| Nepal Gen Z Protest | Political/Social | 8–13 September 2025; youth protested against corruption and social media restrictions; Prime Minister resigned. |
📈 Economy & Trade
| Event | Category | Key Details |
|---|---|---|
| Gold Price Surge 2025 | Market/Finance | Gold prices in India rose approximately 74% due to global tariff wars and a weak US dollar. |
🔬 Science & Technology
| Event | Category | Key Details |
|---|---|---|
| Global AI Discourse | Technology/Policy | Focus on ethical, social, and governance aspects of Artificial Intelligence worldwide. |
🏏 Sports
| Event | Category | Key Details |
|---|---|---|
| IPL 2025 | Cricket | 18th season; emergence of young talent. |
| RCB Wins IPL 2025 | Cricket | Royal Challengers Bangalore won the championship. |
| D Gukesh Awarded Khel Ratna | Sports Award | Young chess player D Gukesh honored with the 2025 Khel Ratna Award. |
| WPL 2025 | Women’s Cricket | Mumbai Indians won the WPL 2025 title. |
| MS Dhoni inducted into ICC Hall of Fame | Sports Honor | Legendary Indian captain MS Dhoni inducted in 2025. |
🌏 Environment & Climate
| Event | Category | Key Details |
|---|---|---|
| Global Temperature Record 2025 | Climate Change | 2025 recorded among the highest global temperatures since the Paris Agreement; sea temperatures and sea levels rose. |
🧠 Key Highlights of 2025 for Exams
- Prayagraj Maha Kumbh Mela 2025 — Cultural & religious significance
- G20 Johannesburg Summit — Global politics & economic cooperation
- Nepal Gen Z Protest — Youth political movement
- Gold price surge — Economy & finance
- Operation Abhyaas — National civil defense preparation
- IPL & WPL 2025 — Sports achievements
- Global temperature rise — Environmental & climate awareness
2025 Current Affairs MCQs (English, Answer Included)
January 2025 – Prayagraj Maha Kumbh Mela
Q1. When was the Prayagraj Maha Kumbh Mela 2025 held?
A) 1 Jan – 15 Feb
B) 13 Jan – 26 Feb
C) 15 Jan – 1 Mar
D) 10 Jan – 20 Feb
Answer: B) 13 Jan – 26 Feb
Q2. Approximately how many people participated in the Prayagraj Maha Kumbh Mela 2025?
A) 50 crore
B) 60 crore
C) 66 crore
D) 70 crore
Answer: C) 66 crore
Q3. What was the primary significance of the Kumbh Mela in 2025?
A) Only religious
B) Social, environmental, and tourism impact
C) Cultural exchange
D) Only economic
Answer: B) Social, environmental, and tourism impact
April 2025 – Pahalgam Attack
Q4. In which state did the Pahalgam attack occur in 2025?
A) Uttar Pradesh
B) Jammu & Kashmir
C) Punjab
D) Madhya Pradesh
Answer: B) Jammu & Kashmir
Q5. How many civilians died in the Pahalgam attack?
A) 20
B) 26
C) 30
D) 35
Answer: B) 26
Q6. What was India’s response to the Pahalgam attack?
A) New borders established
B) Borders closed, then ceasefire announced
C) Joint military exercises
D) No action taken
Answer: B) Borders closed, then ceasefire announced
May 2025 – Operation Abhyaas
Q7. What was the purpose of Operation Abhyaas?
A) Military training
B) Civil defense and disaster preparedness
C) Sports and fitness training
D) Educational reform
Answer: B) Civil defense and disaster preparedness
Q8. How many districts participated in Operation Abhyaas?
A) 150
B) 200
C) 244
D) 300
Answer: C) 244
September 2025 – Nepal Gen Z Protest
Q9. When did the Nepal Gen Z protest take place?
A) July
B) August
C) 8–13 September
D) October
Answer: C) 8–13 September
Q10. What was the primary reason for the protest?
A) Education reforms
B) Corruption and social media restrictions
C) Tourism development
D) Sports issues
Answer: B) Corruption and social media restrictions
Q11. What was the outcome of the Nepal Gen Z protest?
A) Prime Minister resigned
B) New elections held
C) Government collapsed
D) No significant outcome
Answer: A) Prime Minister resigned
November 2025 – G20 Johannesburg Summit
Q12. Where was the 2025 G20 Summit held?
A) Nigeria
B) South Africa (Johannesburg)
C) Kenya
D) Egypt
Answer: B) South Africa (Johannesburg)
Q13. On which dates was the 2025 G20 Summit held?
A) 1–2 November
B) 15–16 November
C) 22–23 November
D) 28–29 November
Answer: C) 22–23 November
Q14. Which leaders participated in the G20 2025 Summit?
A) India
B) China
C) USA
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
December 2025 – Economy & Sports
Q15. What rank did India achieve in global economies in 2025?
A) 3rd
B) 4th
C) 5th
D) 6th
Answer: B) 4th
Q16. Which team won the IPL 2025?
A) Mumbai Indians
B) Chennai Super Kings
C) Royal Challengers Bangalore
D) Kolkata Knight Riders
Answer: C) Royal Challengers Bangalore
Q17. Which team won the WPL 2025?
A) Delhi Daredevils
B) Mumbai Indians
C) Kolkata Nightingales
D) Royal Challengers Bangalore
Answer: B) Mumbai Indians
Q18. Which Indian chess player received the Khel Ratna Award in 2025?
A) Praggnanandhaa
B) D Gukesh
C) Viswanathan Anand
D) Nihal Sarin
Answer: B) D Gukesh
Q19. Which honor did MS Dhoni receive in 2025?
A) Khel Ratna
B) ICC Hall of Fame
C) Bharat Ratna
D) National Sports Award
Answer: B) ICC Hall of Fame
Economy & Finance
Q20. By what percentage did gold prices rise in India in 2025?
A) 50%
B) 60%
C) 74%
D) 80%
Answer: C) 74%
Q21. What was the primary reason for the surge in gold prices?
A) Only domestic demand
B) Global tariff wars and weak US dollar
C) RBI policies
D) Agriculture crisis
Answer: B) Global tariff wars and weak US dollar
Science & Technology
Q22. What was the main focus of global AI discourse in 2025?
A) AI in sports
B) Ethical and social AI governance
C) AI in agriculture
D) AI in industries only
Answer: B) Ethical and social AI governance
Environment & Climate
Q23. What was notable about global temperatures in 2025?
A) Lowest ever
B) Normal
C) Highest recorded
D) Decreased
Answer: C) Highest recorded
Tricky / UPSC-Style Questions
Q24. The Prayagraj Maha Kumbh Mela 2025 signifies which of the following?
A) Religious significance only
B) Social and environmental challenges
C) Economic & tourism impact
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
Q25. Nepal Gen Z movement highlights which lesson?
A) Power of youth movements
B) Need for government transparency
C) Role of social media
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
Q26. Main objective of Operation Abhyaas?
A) Military training
B) Civil defense & disaster preparedness
C) Sports training
D) Education reforms
Answer: B) Civil defense & disaster preparedness