1. Definition of Verb
A verb is a word that expresses an action, occurrence, or state of being in a sentence.
- Example:
- I run every morning.
- मैं हर सुबह दौड़ता हूँ।
- She is a teacher.
- वह एक शिक्षक है।
2. Types of Verbs with Examples
| Type of Verb | Definition | Example (English) | Example (Hindi) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Action Verb | Shows an action performed by the subject | run, write, play, eat | दौड़ना, लिखना, खेलना, खाना |
| Linking Verb | Connects the subject to a description or state | is, am, are, was, were, seem, become | है, हूँ, हैं, था, थे, लगता है, बनना |
| Auxiliary Verb (Helping Verb) | Helps the main verb to form tense, voice, or mood | is, am, are, was, were, have, has, had, do, does, did | है, हूँ, हैं, था, थे, किया, करती है, किया था |
| Modal Verb | Shows possibility, ability, permission, or obligation | can, could, may, might, shall, should, will, would, must | सकता, सकता था, हो सकता है, चाहिए, होगा, होगा क्या |
Helping Verbs (Auxiliary Verbs)
Helping verbs, also called auxiliary verbs, are words that work along with a main verb to give more information about an action or state of being. They help show tense, time, possibility, necessity, or emphasis in a sentence.
What Is a Helping Verb?
A helping verb comes before the main verb and supports it. The main verb shows the action, while the helping verb adds extra meaning.
Example:
- She is reading a book.
(is = helping verb, reading = main verb)
Common Helping Verbs
Helping verbs fall into three main groups:
1. Forms of Be
Used to show ongoing actions or states of being.
- am, is, are, was, were
Example:
- They are playing outside.
2. Forms of Have
Used to show completed actions.
- has, have, had
Example:
- He has finished his homework.
3. Forms of Do
Used to form questions, negatives, or add emphasis.
- do, does, did
Example:
- Did you call your friend?
Modal Helping Verbs
Modal verbs show possibility, ability, permission, or obligation.
- can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should, must
Example:
- You should study for the test.
Helping Verb vs Main Verb
- Main Verb: Shows the action or state
She sings. - Helping Verb: Helps the main verb
She is singing.
Some verbs (like is, have, do) can be main verbs or helping verbs, depending on how they are used in a sentence.
Why Are Helping Verbs Important?
Helping verbs make sentences clearer by:
- Showing when an action happens
- Forming questions and negatives
- Expressing possibility or obligation
Practice Exercise
Underline the helping verb in each sentence:
- She is writing a story.
- They have completed the project.
- We can solve this problem.
(Answers: is, have, can)