1. What causes changes on the Earth’s surface?
👉 Natural forces
2. Name the two forces that shape the Earth.
👉 Endogenic and exogenic
3. What are endogenic forces?
👉 Internal Earth forces
4. What are exogenic forces?
👉 External Earth forces
5. Name one endogenic process.
👉 Earthquake
6. Name one exogenic process.
👉 Weathering
7. What is weathering?
👉 Breaking of rocks
8. What is erosion?
👉 Wearing away of land
9. What is deposition?
👉 Laying down of sediments
10. Name agents of erosion.
👉 Water, wind, ice
11. Which agent forms river valleys?
👉 Running water
12. What is a floodplain?
👉 Flat fertile land
13. What is a meander?
👉 River bend
14. What is an ox-bow lake?
👉 Cut-off river bend
15. Which landform is formed at river mouth?
👉 Delta
16. What is a sea cliff?
👉 Steep coastal rock
17. What are sea caves formed by?
👉 Sea waves
18. What is a stack?
👉 Isolated rock pillar
19. Which agent forms sand dunes?
👉 Wind
20. What is a mushroom rock?
👉 Wind-eroded rock
21. Which agent forms glaciers?
👉 Ice
22. What is a glacier?
👉 Moving ice mass
23. What landform does ice create?
👉 U-shaped valley
24. What is a landslide?
👉 Sudden land movement
25. What is an earthquake?
👉 Sudden ground shaking
26. What causes earthquakes?
👉 Plate movements
27. What is a volcano?
👉 Opening in Earth’s crust
28. What comes out during volcanic eruption?
👉 Lava
29. Which force builds mountains?
👉 Endogenic force
30. Which force wears down landforms?
👉 Exogenic force
📌 Quick Revision Trick
👉 Processes:
W-E-D → Weathering – Erosion – Deposition
👉 Forces:
E-E → Endogenic (inside) – Exogenic (outside)