Introduction
A tissue is a group of similar cells that work together to perform a specific function. In multicellular organisms, tissues help in division of labour and increase efficiency.
Types of Tissues
There are two main types of tissues:
- Plant Tissues
- Animal Tissues
Plant Tissues
1. Meristematic Tissue
- Actively dividing cells.
- Responsible for growth of plants.
Types of Meristematic Tissue:
- Apical meristem: Growth in length.
- Intercalary meristem: Growth at nodes.
- Lateral meristem: Growth in thickness.
2. Permanent Tissue
Formed from meristematic tissue.
(a) Simple Permanent Tissue
- Made of one type of cell.
| Tissue | Function |
|---|---|
| Parenchyma | Storage, photosynthesis |
| Collenchyma | Flexibility, support |
| Sclerenchyma | Strength, rigidity |
(b) Complex Permanent Tissue
- Made of different types of cells.
| Tissue | Function |
|---|---|
| Xylem | Transport of water |
| Phloem | Transport of food |
Animal Tissues
1. Epithelial Tissue
- Covers body surfaces and organs.
- Protection, absorption, secretion.
Types:
Squamous, Cuboidal, Columnar, Ciliated, Glandular.
2. Connective Tissue
- Connects and supports body parts.
Examples:
Blood, bone, cartilage, ligament, tendon, adipose tissue.
3. Muscular Tissue
- Helps in movement.
- Types:
- Striated: Voluntary muscles.
- Unstriated: Involuntary muscles.
- Cardiac: Heart muscles.
4. Nervous Tissue
- Controls body activities.
- Transmits nerve impulses.
- Found in brain, spinal cord, nerves.
Difference Between Plant and Animal Tissues
| Feature | Plant Tissue | Animal Tissue |
|---|---|---|
| Growth | Continuous | Limited |
| Support | Rigid tissues | Muscular & skeletal |
| Movement | Absent | Present |
Quick Short Q&A (Most Possible)
| Question | Short Answer |
|---|---|
| What is a tissue? | Group of similar cells |
| Tissue responsible for growth? | Meristematic |
| Types of meristematic tissue? | Apical, intercalary, lateral |
| Simple permanent tissue examples? | Parenchyma, collenchyma, sclerenchyma |
| Transport of water in plants? | Xylem |
| Transport of food in plants? | Phloem |
| Tissue for body covering? | Epithelial |
| Voluntary muscles? | Striated |
| Heart muscle type? | Cardiac |
| Tissue that transmits impulses? | Nervous |