Difference Between Biodegradable and Non-Biodegradable
Biodegradability refers to the ability of a substance to be broken down naturally by microorganisms like bacteria and fungi. Some materials decompose easily, while others persist in the environment for a long time.
1. Definition
- Biodegradable: Substances that can be decomposed naturally by microorganisms into harmless products like water, carbon dioxide, and organic matter.
- Non-Biodegradable: Substances that cannot be easily broken down by natural processes and persist in the environment for a long time.
2. Decomposition Time
- Biodegradable: Decomposes quickly, usually in days, weeks, or months.
- Non-Biodegradable: Takes years or even centuries to decompose.
3. Impact on Environment
- Biodegradable: Usually environmentally friendly and do not pollute.
- Non-Biodegradable: Can cause pollution, clog drains, and harm wildlife.
4. Examples
- Biodegradable: Food waste, paper, leaves, wood, cotton cloth.
- Non-Biodegradable: Plastics, metals, glass, synthetic rubber, polythene bags.
5. Disposal
- Biodegradable: Can be composted or recycled naturally.
- Non-Biodegradable: Requires special disposal methods like recycling plants or landfills.
Summary Table:
| Feature | Biodegradable | Non-Biodegradable |
|---|---|---|
| Definition | Can be broken down naturally | Cannot be broken down easily |
| Decomposition Time | Short (days to months) | Very long (years to centuries) |
| Environmental Impact | Eco-friendly, non-polluting | Causes pollution and environmental harm |
| Examples | Food waste, paper, leaves, wood | Plastic, glass, metals, polythene |
| Disposal Method | Composting, natural decay | Recycling, landfills, special disposal |
Key Point:
- Biodegradable: Breaks down naturally and safely.
- Non-Biodegradable: Persists in the environment and can cause pollution.