1. Definition of Modals
Modals are auxiliary verbs used with a main verb to express ability, possibility, permission, obligation, or advice.
- Example:
- You must study for the exam.
- तुम्हें परीक्षा के लिए पढ़ाई करनी चाहिए।
2. List of Common Modals and Uses
| Modal | Use | Example (English) | Example (Hindi) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Can | Ability / Permission | I can swim. You can go now. | मैं तैर सकता हूँ। तुम अब जा सकते हो। |
| Could | Past ability / Polite request | I could run fast when I was young. Could you help me? | मैं जब छोटा था तेज दौड़ सकता था। क्या आप मेरी मदद कर सकते हैं? |
| May | Permission / Possibility | You may leave now. It may rain today. | तुम अब जा सकते हो। आज बारिश हो सकती है। |
| Might | Slight possibility | It might snow tonight. | आज रात बर्फबारी हो सकती है। |
| Shall | Future action (formal) / Suggestion | I shall call you tomorrow. | मैं कल तुम्हें कॉल करूँगा। |
| Should | Advice / Obligation | You should eat healthy food. | तुम्हें स्वस्थ भोजन खाना चाहिए। |
| Will | Future action | I will help you. | मैं तुम्हारी मदद करूँगा। |
| Would | Polite request / Hypothetical | Would you open the window? | क्या आप खिड़की खोलेंगे? |
| Must | Obligation / Necessity | You must wear a helmet. | तुम्हें हेलमेट पहना जरूरी है। |
3. Quick Tips
- Modals do not change form according to the subject.
- Correct: She can sing.
- Incorrect: She cans sing.
- Modals are followed by the base form of the main verb.
- Some modals express politeness (Could, Would, May).
- Must is stronger than should for obligation.