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9.1 Angle Subtended by a Chord at a Point Chord: A line segment joining two points on a circle. Angle subtended by a chord: The angle formed at a point…

8.1 Properties of a Parallelogram A parallelogram is a quadrilateral in which both pairs of opposite sides are parallel. Properties of a Parallelogram: Opposite sides are equal: AB = CD,…

7.1 Introduction A triangle is a closed figure formed by joining three non-collinear points with line segments. Vertices: The three points (A, B, C) Sides: Line segments joining the vertices…

6.1 Introduction Geometry studies shapes, sizes, positions, and properties of figures. Lines and angles are the basic building blocks of geometry. Understanding these helps in triangles, polygons, and parallel lines.…

5.1 Introduction Geometry studies the properties and relations of points, lines, surfaces, and solids. Euclid, an ancient Greek mathematician, is called the “Father of Geometry”. His work “Elements” (around 300…

4.1 Introduction An equation is a mathematical statement that two expressions are equal. Linear equations in two variables involve two variables (x and y) and can be written in the…

3.1 Introduction Coordinate Geometry studies the position of points on a plane using numbers. Each point is represented by an ordered pair (x, y) called its coordinates. The x-coordinate is…

1.1 Introduction Numbers are used to count, measure, and label things. Types of numbers: Natural numbers (1, 2, 3…) Whole numbers (0, 1, 2, 3…) Integers (…, -2, -1, 0,…