Introduction Social justice means equal rights, opportunities, and treatment for all people in society. It ensures that no one is discriminated against because of caste, gender, religion, or economic status.…
Introduction The government plays a key role in the economy to ensure growth, equality, and stability. Its economic presence involves regulating, producing, and providing services to improve the quality of…
Introduction Human resources are the skills, knowledge, abilities, and efforts of people that help in the production of goods and services. People are the most important resource of a country…
Introduction Industries are establishments that produce goods from raw materials using labor, machines, and technology. They play a vital role in the economy by providing employment, producing goods, and contributing…
Agriculture is the practice of growing crops and raising animals for food, fiber, and other products. It is the main occupation in India and essential for the economy, employment, and…
1. Land Resources Land is used for agriculture, housing, industry, forests, and roads. Not all land is equally productive: fertility, terrain, and climate affect use. Types of land use: Agricultural…
Introduction Resources are things that help humans meet their needs and improve the quality of life. They are vital for survival, development, and progress. Resources can be natural, human-made, or…
Introduction Public facilities are services or infrastructure provided by the government for the benefit of all citizens. They are essential for daily life, health, education, and safety. Understanding public facilities…
Introduction Laws are essential to maintain justice, equality, and fairness in society. They protect the rights of citizens and ensure that everyone is treated equally. Social justice means giving equal…
Introduction Marginalised groups in society face exclusion, inequality, and discrimination. To improve their conditions, the government, communities, and citizens take steps to confront marginalisation. This chapter explains how society addresses…