Class 10 Science How do Organisms Reproduce MCQ

Class 10 Science How do Organisms Reproduce MCQ

Chapter 7: How Do Organisms Reproduce? Question Bank

A. MCQs — 30 Questions

1. Which process is essential for maintaining the continuity of a species but is not essential for the survival of an individual organism?
A. Respiration
B. Reproduction
C. Nutrition
D. Excretion

2. The basic event involved in reproduction is:
A. Protein digestion
B. DNA copying
C. Respiration
D. Cell enlargement

3. DNA is important in reproduction because it:
A. Produces food for the cell
B. Contains information for inherited characteristics
C. Directly produces energy
D. Controls only cell movement

4. Variations arise during reproduction mainly because:
A. DNA copying is never required
B. DNA copying is not absolutely accurate
C. All organisms have identical DNA
D. Cells stop dividing

5. Which statement best explains the importance of variation?
A. It always benefits every individual.
B. It prevents reproduction.
C. It may help a species survive environmental changes.
D. It makes all organisms identical.

6. Binary fission produces:
A. One daughter cell
B. Two daughter cells
C. Three daughter cells
D. Many daughter cells simultaneously

7. Multiple fission is characteristic of:
A. Hydra
B. Plasmodium
C. Spirogyra
D. Rose

8. In Amoeba, binary fission can occur:
A. Only along a fixed plane
B. In any plane
C. Only vertically
D. Only horizontally

9. Leishmania divides in a definite orientation because of its:
A. Thick cell wall
B. Whip-like structure at one end
C. Large nucleus
D. Lack of DNA

10. Yeast commonly reproduces by:
A. Fragmentation
B. Budding
C. Multiple fission
D. Spore formation

11. Spirogyra commonly reproduces by:
A. Fragmentation
B. Budding
C. Binary fission
D. Pollination

12. Which organisms can regenerate complete individuals from body pieces?
A. Hydra and Planaria
B. Amoeba and Yeast
C. Rose and Jasmine
D. Plasmodium and Leishmania

13. A small outgrowth that develops into a new individual in Hydra is called a:
A. Spore
B. Bud
C. Fragment
D. Gamete

14. Which of the following is an example of vegetative propagation?
A. Formation of pollen
B. Growth of a new plant from a stem
C. Fusion of gametes
D. Formation of a zygote

15. Which is an advantage of vegetative propagation?
A. It always produces greater variation.
B. Plants may flower and fruit earlier.
C. It requires fertilisation.
D. It prevents growth of new plants.

16. The reproductive structures of Rhizopus that contain spores are:
A. Hyphae
B. Sporangia
C. Roots
D. Buds

17. Spores are protected by:
A. Thin membranes only
B. Thick walls
C. Chloroplasts
D. Pollen tubes

18. Reproduction involving a single individual is called:
A. Sexual reproduction
B. Asexual reproduction
C. Fertilisation
D. Pollination

19. Sexual reproduction is important because it:
A. Eliminates all variations
B. Combines variations from different individuals
C. Prevents DNA copying
D. Produces only identical offspring

20. The process that produces germ-cells with half the chromosome number is:
A. Binary fission
B. Meiosis
C. Budding
D. Regeneration

21. The male reproductive part of a flower is the:
A. Pistil
B. Stamen
C. Ovary
D. Ovule

22. The female reproductive part of a flower is the:
A. Stamen
B. Anther
C. Pistil
D. Pollen grain

23. Which part of the pistil contains ovules?
A. Stigma
B. Style
C. Ovary
D. Anther

24. Transfer of pollen from anther to stigma is called:
A. Fertilisation
B. Pollination
C. Germination
D. Implantation

25. Fusion of male and female germ-cells produces the:
A. Seed
B. Fruit
C. Zygote
D. Pollen grain

26. After fertilisation in a flowering plant, the ovule develops into a:
A. Fruit
B. Seed
C. Stigma
D. Pollen tube

27. The male germ-cells in humans are produced in the:
A. Prostate gland
B. Testes
C. Urethra
D. Vas deferens

28. Fertilisation in humans normally occurs in the:
A. Uterus
B. Vagina
C. Fallopian tube
D. Ovary

29. The tissue that helps exchange nutrients, oxygen and wastes between mother and embryo is the:
A. Cervix
B. Placenta
C. Ovary
D. Urethra

30. Which method of contraception involves placing a device inside the uterus?
A. Oral pills
B. Copper-T
C. Condoms
D. Vas deferens blockage

B. Assertion–Reason — 12 Questions

Choose:

A. Both A and R are true, and R correctly explains A.
B. Both A and R are true, but R does not correctly explain A.
C. A is true, but R is false.
D. A is false, but R is true.

31.
Assertion: DNA copying is an important part of reproduction.
Reason: DNA carries information related to inherited characteristics.

32.
Assertion: Variation can help a species survive environmental changes.
Reason: Some variants may be better suited to changed conditions.

33.
Assertion: Asexual reproduction generally produces less variation than sexual reproduction.
Reason: Sexual reproduction combines DNA from two individuals.

34.
Assertion: Meiosis is important in sexual reproduction.
Reason: It produces germ-cells with half the usual chromosome number.

35.
Assertion: Spirogyra can reproduce through fragmentation.
Reason: Its relatively simple body organisation allows fragments to grow into new individuals.

36.
Assertion: Regeneration and reproduction are exactly the same process.
Reason: Regeneration can involve formation of an organism from body pieces.

37.
Assertion: The testes are located outside the abdominal cavity.
Reason: Sperm formation requires a temperature lower than normal body temperature.

38.
Assertion: Pollination and fertilisation are identical processes.
Reason: Pollination involves transfer of pollen, whereas fertilisation involves fusion of germ-cells.

39.
Assertion: The ovary of a flower develops into the fruit after fertilisation.
Reason: The ovule develops into a seed.

40.
Assertion: The uterine lining becomes thick every month.
Reason: It prepares for possible implantation and nourishment of an embryo.

41.
Assertion: Copper-T protects against sexually transmitted infections.
Reason: Copper-T is placed inside the uterus to prevent pregnancy.

42.
Assertion: Sexual reproduction can generate new combinations of variations.
Reason: DNA from two different individuals is combined.

C. Fill in the Blanks — 20 Questions

43. The hereditary material involved in reproduction is ________.

44. DNA copying is not absolutely ________.

45. The splitting of one organism into two daughter organisms is called ________ fission.

46. Plasmodium reproduces by ________ fission.

47. Yeast reproduces asexually by ________.

48. Spirogyra reproduces by ________.

49. Formation of a complete organism from body pieces is called ________.

50. Hydra can reproduce through ________.

51. Reproduction using roots, stems or leaves is called ________ propagation.

52. The reproductive structures of Rhizopus containing spores are called ________.

53. Reproduction involving one individual is called ________ reproduction.

54. Sexual reproduction involves the combination of DNA from ________ individuals.

55. The cell division that produces germ-cells with half the chromosome number is called ________.

56. The male reproductive part of a flower is the ________.

57. The female reproductive part of a flower is the ________.

58. Transfer of pollen from anther to stigma is called ________.

59. Fusion of male and female germ-cells is called ________.

60. The fertilised egg is called a ________.

61. The organ that produces sperm in human males is the ________.

62. The tissue that facilitates exchange between mother and embryo is the ________.

D. True or False — 15 Questions

63. Reproduction is essential for the survival of an individual organism.

64. DNA copying can introduce variations.

65. Variation is always harmful to a species.

66. Binary fission produces two daughter cells.

67. Plasmodium reproduces by multiple fission.

68. Yeast reproduces through fragmentation.

69. Hydra can reproduce through budding.

70. Vegetative propagation can be useful in agriculture.

71. Asexual reproduction involves DNA from two individuals.

72. Sexual reproduction can create new combinations of variations.

73. The stamen is the female reproductive part of a flower.

74. The ovary contains ovules.

75. Fertilisation occurs before pollination.

76. In humans, fertilisation occurs in the fallopian tube.

77. Copper-T is a method used to prevent pregnancy.

E. Match the Columns — 10 Questions

78.

Column AColumn B
1. Amoebaa. Budding
2. Plasmodiumb. Binary fission
3. Yeastc. Multiple fission
4. Spirogyrad. Fragmentation

79.

Column AColumn B
1. Hydraa. Vegetative propagation
2. Rhizopusb. Regeneration
3. Bryophyllumc. Budding
4. Planariad. Spore formation

80.

Column AColumn B
1. Stamena. Female reproductive part
2. Pistilb. Male reproductive part
3. Ovaryc. Contains ovules
4. Stigmad. Receives pollen

81.

Column AColumn B
1. Testesa. Carries egg
2. Ovaryb. Produces sperm
3. Fallopian tubec. Produces eggs
4. Uterusd. Site of embryo development

82.

Column AColumn B
1. Pollinationa. Ovule
2. Fertilisationb. Seed
3. Ovaryc. Transfer of pollen
4. Fertilised eggd. Fusion of gametes

83.

Column AColumn B
1. Ovulea. Fruit
2. Ovaryb. Seed
3. Zygotec. Embryo
4. Pollend. Male germ-cell source

84.

Column AColumn B
1. Condoma. Hormonal method
2. Oral pillb. Mechanical barrier
3. Copper-Tc. Intrauterine device
4. Surgical methodd. Blocking reproductive pathways

F. One-Word / Very Short Answer — 15 Questions

85. Name the hereditary molecule copied during reproduction.

86. Name the type of fission found in Plasmodium.

87. Name the reproductive method used by yeast.

88. Name the organism commonly used as an example of fragmentation.

89. Name one organism showing regeneration.

90. Name the method by which Hydra produces an outgrowth that develops into a new organism.

91. What is the term for reproduction using plant parts such as roots, stems and leaves?

92. Name the reproductive structure of Rhizopus that contains spores.

93. What type of reproduction involves one parent?

94. Name the cell division responsible for producing germ-cells with half the chromosome number.

95. What is the male reproductive part of a flower called?

96. What is the female reproductive part of a flower called?

97. What is the product formed immediately after fertilisation?

98. Name the organ in which sperm are produced.

99. Name the organ in which the embryo develops.

G. Short Answer Questions — 15 Questions

100. Why is DNA copying necessary during reproduction?

101. Why are offspring not always exact copies of their parents?

102. Explain why variation can be useful to a species.

103. Distinguish between binary fission and multiple fission.

104. Why can simple multicellular organisms reproduce through fragmentation whereas complex organisms generally cannot?

105. Explain regeneration with a suitable example.

106. How does budding occur in Hydra?

107. Give three advantages of vegetative propagation.

108. Why are spores useful for reproduction in Rhizopus?

109. Why does sexual reproduction generate greater variation than asexual reproduction?

110. Why is meiosis necessary in sexual reproduction?

111. Differentiate between self-pollination and cross-pollination.

112. Explain what happens after fertilisation in a flowering plant.

113. Why are testes located outside the abdominal cavity?

114. What is the role of the placenta in pregnancy?

H. Important 3–5 Mark Questions — 15 Questions

115. Explain the importance of DNA copying in reproduction and describe how errors during copying can produce variation.

116. Explain the different modes of asexual reproduction discussed in the chapter, giving one example of each.

117. Explain why complex multicellular organisms cannot generally reproduce by simple cell-by-cell division.

118. Explain regeneration and distinguish it from ordinary reproduction.

119. Explain vegetative propagation and discuss its advantages.

120. Describe spore formation in Rhizopus.

121. Explain why sexual reproduction is considered advantageous for the survival of species.

122. Explain how meiosis helps maintain the chromosome number across generations.

123. Describe the structure and reproductive functions of the flower.

124. Explain pollination, pollen-tube formation and fertilisation in flowering plants.

125. Describe the changes that occur during puberty and explain their relationship with sexual maturation.

126. Describe the male reproductive system in humans and state the functions of its major parts.

127. Describe the female reproductive system and explain the pathway followed by the egg.

128. Explain how an embryo receives nutrition and gets rid of waste inside the mother’s body.

129. Explain menstruation and why it occurs when fertilisation does not take place.

I. Case-Based Questions — 5 Cases

Case 1: DNA and Variation

A population of bacteria lives in water at a moderate temperature. Due to environmental changes, the temperature rises considerably. Most bacteria are unable to survive, but a few individuals survive and reproduce.

130. What biological process produced differences among the bacteria?

131. Why did only some bacteria survive?

132. How can such variation benefit the species?

133. Is variation necessarily beneficial to every individual? Explain.

Case 2: Asexual Reproduction

A student observes different organisms and records the following:

  • Organism A divides into two.
  • Organism B produces many daughter cells simultaneously.
  • Organism C produces a small outgrowth.
  • Organism D breaks into pieces, each of which grows into a new organism.

134. Identify the reproductive mode of A.

135. Identify B and name a suitable example.

136. What is the reproductive method shown by C?

137. What is the method shown by D?

Case 3: Flowering Plant

A pollen grain lands on the sticky terminal part of the pistil. A tube grows downward through the style and reaches the ovary.

138. Name the process by which pollen reached the stigma.

139. What is the sticky terminal part called?

140. What structure contains the female germ-cell?

141. What happens when the male and female germ-cells fuse?

142. What does the ovule become after fertilisation?

Case 4: Human Reproduction

A fertilised egg begins dividing and forms an embryo. The embryo becomes attached to the lining of the uterus and continues developing.

143. What is the fertilised egg called?

144. What is the process by which the embryo becomes attached to the uterine lining?

145. Name the tissue responsible for exchange of nutrients, oxygen and wastes.

146. Where does fertilisation normally occur?

147. Approximately how long does development inside the mother take?

Case 5: Reproductive Health

A couple wants to prevent pregnancy. Different contraceptive methods work through different mechanisms.

148. Which method acts as a mechanical barrier?

149. Which method changes hormonal balance?

150. Name the intrauterine contraceptive device mentioned in the chapter.

151. How can surgical methods prevent fertilisation?

152. Do contraceptive methods necessarily protect against sexually transmitted infections? Explain using the chapter’s information.

J. Diagram-Based Questions

153. Flower diagram: Draw and label:

  • Stamen
  • Anther
  • Pistil
  • Stigma
  • Style
  • Ovary
  • Ovule

154. Draw a labelled diagram showing binary fission in Amoeba.

155. Draw a labelled diagram showing budding in Hydra.

156. Draw a labelled diagram showing spore formation in Rhizopus.

157. Draw a labelled diagram of the human male reproductive system.

158. Draw a labelled diagram of the human female reproductive system.

159. Draw a diagram showing the sequence:

Pollen grain → stigma → pollen tube → ovary → ovule

160. Draw a flow diagram showing:

Fertilisation → zygote → embryo → implantation → foetus

K. HOTS / Conceptual Questions — 10 Questions

161. If DNA copying were perfectly accurate, what major source of variation discussed in this chapter would be lost?

162. Why can a variation that is not useful under present conditions become useful when the environment changes?

163. Why would simply pushing one DNA copy out of a cell not be sufficient to produce a new organism?

164. Why is sexual reproduction more useful for generating new combinations of variations than simply relying on errors during DNA copying?

165. Why does meiosis prevent the chromosome number from doubling in every generation?

166. A plant can reproduce through both seeds and vegetative parts. Why might farmers prefer vegetative propagation for certain crops?

167. Why is pollination necessary before fertilisation can occur in flowering plants?

168. Why does the uterus develop a thick lining even before it is known whether fertilisation has occurred?

169. Why is the placenta important for the developing embryo?

170. Why is reproduction described as important for the stability and survival of populations even though an individual organism can live without reproducing?

✅ Answer Key

MCQs

  1. B
  2. B
  3. B
  4. B
  5. C
  6. B
  7. B
  8. B
  9. B
  10. B
  11. A
  12. A
  13. B
  14. B
  15. B
  16. B
  17. B
  18. B
  19. B
  20. B
  21. B
  22. C
  23. C
  24. B
  25. C
  26. B
  27. B
  28. C
  29. B
  30. B

Assertion–Reason

  1. A
  2. A
  3. A
  4. A
  5. A
  6. D
  7. A
  8. D
  9. B
  10. A
  11. D
  12. A

Fill in the blanks

  1. DNA
  2. Accurate
  3. Binary
  4. Multiple
  5. Budding
  6. Fragmentation
  7. Regeneration
  8. Budding
  9. Vegetative
  10. Sporangia
  11. Asexual
  12. Two
  13. Meiosis
  14. Stamen
  15. Pistil
  16. Pollination
  17. Fertilisation
  18. Zygote
  19. Testes
  20. Placenta

True/False

  1. False
  2. True
  3. False
  4. True
  5. True
  6. False
  7. True
  8. True
  9. False
  10. True
  11. False
  12. True
  13. False
  14. True
  15. True

Match the Columns

  1. 1-b, 2-c, 3-a, 4-d
  2. 1-c, 2-d, 3-a, 4-b
  3. 1-b, 2-a, 3-c, 4-d
  4. 1-b, 2-c, 3-a, 4-d
  5. 1-c, 2-d, 3-a, 4-b
  6. 1-b, 2-a, 3-c, 4-d
  7. 1-b, 2-a, 3-c, 4-d