Answer

CLASS 5 EVS – ANSWER KEY

Maximum Marks: 100

SECTION A – MCQs (20 × 1)

1. (b) Lungs
2. (c) Solar energy
3. (c) Leaf
4. (b) Sheep
5. (b) Evaporation
6. (c) Vegetable peel
7. (b) Doctor
8. (c) Root
9. (a) Cholera
10. (b) Sun
11. (c) Bicycle
12. (b) Water
13. (a) Bacteria
14. (b) Ear
15. (b) Find places
16. (b) Use a zebra crossing
17. (a) Pulses
18. (b) Planting trees
19. (b) Igloo
20. (b) Repairing leaking taps

SECTION B – VERY SHORT ANSWERS (10 × 2)

21. Balanced diet: A diet containing all essential nutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, fibre and water in the right amounts.
22. Two sources of water: Rivers and wells.
    (Other correct answers: lakes, ponds, rain, springs, etc.)
23. We need clean drinking water to stay healthy and prevent diseases caused by germs and contamination.
24. Plants provide us with food and oxygen. They also give us medicines, wood, fibres and shelter.
25. Recycling is the process of converting waste materials into useful new products.
26. Domestic animals: Cow, goat.
    Wild animals: Lion, tiger.
27. Washing hands before eating removes germs and dirt and helps prevent diseases.
28. Migration is the movement of people or animals from one place to another, often due to changes in season, food, work or living conditions. Example: birds migrating to warmer places.
29. Public transport: Bus and train.
30. We can keep our surroundings clean by using dustbins and not littering.

SECTION C – SHORT ANSWERS (8 × 3)

31. Water cycle:
    • The Sun heats water and causes evaporation.
    • Water vapour cools and forms clouds through condensation.
    • Water falls back to Earth as rainfall/precipitation.
32. Importance of forests:
    • Provide oxygen and absorb carbon dioxide.
    • Provide food and shelter to animals.
    • Help prevent soil erosion and maintain the water cycle.
33. Biodegradable vs Non-biodegradable:
    • Biodegradable waste decomposes naturally, e.g. vegetable peels.
    • Non-biodegradable waste does not decompose easily, e.g. plastic.
    • Biodegradable waste can be composted, while many non-biodegradable materials should be reused or recycled.
34. Plants provide animals with food and oxygen. Animals release carbon dioxide, which plants use to make food. Animals also help plants through pollination and seed dispersal.
35. Road safety rules:
    • Use a zebra crossing or pedestrian crossing.
    • Follow traffic signals and signs.
    • Wear a helmet while riding a two-wheeler and use a seat belt in a car.
36. We should conserve electricity because much of it is produced using limited resources and energy use can affect the environment.
    • Switch off lights and fans when not needed.
    • Use energy-efficient appliances.
    • Make use of natural light whenever possible.
37. During cooking, food may undergo changes such as softening, change in colour and change in taste. Cooking can also make some foods easier to digest.
38. Communicable diseases are diseases that can spread from one person to another through germs, air, water, food or contact. They can be prevented by washing hands, drinking clean water, maintaining hygiene and taking appropriate vaccinations.

SECTION D – COMPETENCY-BASED QUESTIONS (4 × 4)

(a) A dripping tap wastes water.
(b) It should be repaired to prevent unnecessary water loss.
(c) Students can close taps properly and report leaking taps to teachers or school staff.

(a) Vegetable peels can be composted.
(b) Old newspapers and suitable plastic items can be recycled.
(c) Waste should be separated to make recycling and composting easier and reduce pollution.
(d) An old container/newspaper bag can be reused.

(a) Trees provide shade, help cool the surroundings, reduce soil erosion and support the water cycle.
(b) Planting trees helps improve the environment and provides habitats for animals.
(c) Water them regularly and protect them with tree guards/fencing.

(a) No. It is not a balanced diet because it contains too much processed food and too few fruits and vegetables.
(b) Fruits and vegetables.
(c) Poor eating habits may lead to nutrient deficiencies, poor health and unhealthy weight gain.

SECTION E – LONG ANSWERS (4 × 5)

43. Importance and conservation of water:
    Water is essential for drinking, cooking, bathing, cleaning, farming and the survival of plants and animals. We can conserve water by repairing leaking taps, turning off taps when not in use, using only the required amount of water, reusing suitable household water and collecting rainwater.
44. Journey of food:
    Food enters the body through the mouth, where it is chewed and mixed with saliva. It passes through the food pipe (oesophagus) into the stomach. The stomach helps digest food further. In the small intestine, digested nutrients are absorbed into the blood. The large intestine absorbs much of the remaining water, and undigested waste is removed from the body.
45. Environmental pollution:
    Environmental pollution means the harmful contamination of our surroundings.
    • Air pollution: Caused by smoke and harmful gases. Reduce it by using public transport and cleaner energy.
    • Water pollution: Caused by sewage, chemicals and waste entering water bodies. Reduce it by keeping waste and harmful chemicals out of water.
    • Land pollution: Caused by litter and improper disposal of waste. Reduce it through proper waste segregation, reuse and recycling.
46. People living in different parts of India adapt to their climate and surroundings. In cold regions, people may wear woollen clothes and use houses designed to retain warmth. In hot regions, loose cotton clothes and well-ventilated houses are common. In areas with heavy rainfall, houses may have sloping roofs. Food and occupations also vary according to local climate, land, water and available resources.

SECTION F – OBSERVE, THINK & ANSWER (5)

47. Sample answers:
    (a) Wood and cotton.
    (b) Drinking and bathing.
    (c) Plastic litter.
    (d) Use dustbins and reduce/recycle plastic waste.

Answers may vary according to the student’s surroundings.

SECTION G – MAP / ACTIVITY-BASED QUESTION (5)

48. Students should correctly mark and label any five:
    Arabian Sea, Bay of Bengal, Himalayas, Thar Desert, Indian Ocean.

OR

Water cycle:
Evaporation → Condensation → Cloud formation → Rainfall/Precipitation → Collection of water

Note: For map work, award marks according to the correct location and labelling of each feature.